Duke Abbess

 
Holbein: Abbot  
 

The Abbot

Heidelberg's dance of death: Abbot
Heidelberg's dance of death: Abbot
Basel's dance of death
Basel's dance of death: Cook

O fficially the abbot has renounced this world and its temptations, but that doesn't prevent him from being rather portly, nor from fighting for his life.

Death has taken ownership of his cap (mitre) and staff (crozier), and drags the abbot away, while the abbot is about to strike with his prayerbook.

Holbein has taken the basic idea — Death stealing the staff from an Abbot in a long, black cloak with a heavy book — from Heidelberg's dance of death (picture to the left). But Holbein has copied the composition — Death turning his back to the victim and the staff over his shoulder — from the dance of death in his own hometown, Basel. Here Death takes the cook's skewer over his shoulder and drags him away.

Variations: Aldegrever makes a very free interpretation, but in this one case Eberhard Kieser chooses to copy Holbein instead of Aldegrever.
Birckmann has made the abbot younger and slimmer and given him a new face; instead of being fat and startled, he's slim and aggressive; the hourglass has been set on the ground. Birckmann's changes are copied by Valvasor, Hollar and Deuchar.

Holbein's Imagines Mortis: Abbot
Les Simulachres (1538)
Vogtherr 1544: Abbot
Vogtherr (1544)
Aldegrever: Abbot
Aldegrever (1541)
Birckmann 1555: Abbot
Birckmann (1555)
Scharffenberg 1578: Abbot
Scharffenberg (1578)
Eberhard Kieser imaginibus: Abbot
Eberhard Kieser (1617)
Hollar 1651: Abbot
Hollar (1651)
Theatrum mortis humanae tripartitum: Abbot
Valvasor (1682)
Mechel 1780: Abbot
Mechel (1780)
Bewick 1789: Abbot
Bewick (1789)
Deuchar 1788: Abbot
Deuchar (1788)

Duke Abbess Up to Holbein's great dance of death