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I have moved the preacher in the pulpit to the beginning of the dance — because this is where he's placed in other version of the Oberdeutscher vierzeiliger Totentanz.
In this booklet he's placed at the end of the dance — but this is probably an error that happened when the 7 booklets were bound into one volume.

(1)
the wisdom of this world. . . is presumably a reference to 1 Corinthians where
the wisdom of this world is false wisdom as compared to the superior Christian wisdom:
1 Corinthians 1:20: Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world?
1 Corinthians 2:6: Howbeit we speak wisdom among them that are perfect: yet not the wisdom of this world, nor of the princes of this world, that come to nought:.
1 Corinthians 3:19: For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it is written, He taketh the wise in their own craftiness..
The dances of death in Lübeck, Paris and London also started with an allusion to wisdom and eternal life.
(2)
Come here / go away. . . The preacher refers to Matthew 25:31-46, where Jesus talks about separating the sheeps from the goats:
Matthew 25:34: Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:
Matthew 25:41: Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels:
(3)
The Double Death. . . reference to Judgement day and the eternal torment:
Revelation 2,11: He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death.
Revelation 20,6: Blessed and holy is he that hath part in the first resurrection: on such the second death hath no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with him a thousand years.
Revelation 20,14: And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death.
Revelation 21,8: But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second death.
In the next line, The Double Death becomes personified.