Døde-Dands

Title page

Niels Prahl (1724 - 1792) was an author and translator with a voluminous production, but most of his work was anonymous. His last — unfinished — work was a translation of Schummel's "Der kleine Voltäre" (i.e. The Little Voltaire). This had to be completed by others, but library secretary Frederik Ekkard took the occasion to write a eulogy for Prahl: An introductory chapter with a biography, where he also attempted to track down and list all the anonymous works originating from the industrious Prahl. We find Døde-Dands on this list (page XXV).

Detail from title page
Tell, reader! can you here see for certain
Who was squire and peasant of these?

The Human life's Flight or Døde-Dands was printed in Copenhagen in 1762. On the title page above one can see the name Thomas Larsen Borup, and it is believed that it was he who published the book and for all we know he might also have designed the woodcuts. But as mentioned, the author was in all probability Niels Prahl.

The rhymed introduction is signed Thomas Larsen Borup, but was doubtlessly written by Niels Prahl as well. The author tells how he himself has created the woodcuts: »Jeg dem møysommelig i Træ udgravet har, Naar mig en Times Tid fra andet øvrig var« (i.e. I have painstakingly excavated them in tree, when an hour or so was free from other work). He also states that he believes to be the first to ever have printed a dance of death in Danish:

Jeg, kjære Læsere! har ogsaa havt for Øje
Med dette lidet Verk, at gavne og fornøje;
  Vi ingen Dødedands, saavidt mig er bekjendt,
  I vores danske Sprog har forhen havt paa Prent.
I, dear readers! have also had in mind
with this small work to benefit and to amuse;
  We no dance of death, as fas as I am aware,
  In our Danish language have so far had in printing.

This is not quite true, since there was already Copenhagen's dance of death, Dødedantz, Den Lybekske Dødning-Dantz (only in the Danish section) and Typus Omnium Morientium.

After this introduction and a concert with dead men's music come the individual dances: Death to the dying (12 lines), the person's answer (12 lines) and the author's conclusion (4 lines).

Death makes no bones (pun intended) about telling that he is God's messenger. This sometimes results in a rather condescending language. Particularly towards the (Catholic) pope and the "infidel" Jew and Turk.

Døde-Dands was reprinted in 1770, 1814 and 1967 (see external link for the latter).

Introduction
Dead men's music
Death to the pope
Death to the emperor
Death to the king
Death to the queen
Death to the cardinal
Death to the bishop
Death to the nobleman
Death to the priest
Death to the stargazer
Death to the physician
Death to the jurist
Death to the merchant
Death to the townsman
Death to the monk
Death to the hermit
Death to the maiden
Death to the dancing master
Death to the fencing master
Death to the hunter
Death to the chef
Death to the soldier
Death to the innkeeper  
Death to the servant girl
Death to the pedlar
Death to the watchman
Death to the peasant
Death to the Jew
Death to the miser
Death to the Turk
Death to the lovers
Death to the old man
Death to the old woman
Death to Harlequin
Death to the children
Death to the beggar
Christ's victory over Death
Psalm. 90 Chap. 12 v.

Døde-Dands in Swedish

The Human life's Flight or Døde-Dands
The Doctor
Det menskliga lifwets obeständighet
Swedish translation.

The book has been translated into Swedish: »Det menskliga lifwets obeständighet eller Samtal emellan döden och menniskor af allehanda stånd. Öfwersatt ifrån danska språket«. It was reprinted several times, but the only sample I have found is the picture to the right taken from Aldred Warthin's "Physician of the Dance of Death". Warthin informs us that »The same woodcuts used in the Danish edition are repeated, reduced in size, and reversed«.

Judging from this small sample, the Swedish text is markedly tamer than the original: There's no reference to the doctor killing his patients and no parallel is made between the two glasses, the doctor's urine flask and Death's hourglass. The two tools of the two killers:

DanishSwedish
Hr. Doctor! det er Tid, du kunsten maae opgive,
Og ey methodice fleer Mennesker aflive.
  Du paa Urin-Glas seer, som Styrmand paa Compas;
  Men glemmer derimod dit Lives Time-Glas.
Herr Doctor nu är det tid, att konsten din uppgifwa,
Du får ej längre tid att fler resepter skrifwa.
  Se att ditt timglas re'n till botten runnit är,
  Som wittnar att ditt lif ej längre skonas lär.
Mr Doctor, it is time that you must give up your art,
and not methodically put away more people.
  You at your urine glass stare, as coxswain at compass,
  But in contrast you forget your life's hourglass.
Mister Doctor, now is it time to give up your art,
You will now longer have time to write more prescriptions.
  See that your hourglass already[?] has run to the bottom
  Which testifies that your life no longer will be spared.

Sources

Døde-Dands
The book was reprinted in 1967.

Up to Danish Dances of Death