This is the Latin and German text from the world's oldest dance of death script manuscript, CPG 314.
The text has been taken from Der Ursprung der Totentänze by Wilhelm Fehse pp. 50-58, except that Fehse has forgotten two lines from the abbot. The illustrations are from Heidelberg's dance of death and each picture is linked to the corresponding dancer in this dance. There is only one preacher in Heidelberg.
| Original text | Translation | |
|---|---|---|
| (vide d' h° i albo codice d' qmda artiu a pn'° pict'as) | ||
| Der erst prediger. O vos uiuentes huius mundi sapientes, Cordibus apponite duo verba christi, venite Nec non et ite, per primum ianua vite Justis erit nota, set per aliud quoque porta Inferi monstratur: sic res diuersificatur. Gaudia vel pene sine fine sunt ibi plene. Hinc voce sana vos hortor spernere vana. Tempus namque breue uiuendi, postea ve ue Mors geminata parit, sua nulli uis quoque parcit. Fistula tartarea vos iungit in una chorea, Qua licet inuiti saliunt ut stulti periti. Hec ut pictura docet exemplique figura. Theutunice | The first preacher | |
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O diser welt weyshayt kint, Alle die noch in leben sint, Setzt in wer herz zway wort, Die von cristo sind gehort. Das ain gett her, daz ander gett hin, Durch das erst die frummen hånd gwyn Mit dez himels port, die in geöffnt ist. Das ander die bösen weyst Ab zu der hellischen porten. Also wirt in den worten Gegeben ein söllich vnderschaid: Das ain halb ist gantz fröd beraytt, Anderhalb die peyn ach genczlych, Über al on ende ewiklych. Dar umb ich wch getrewlich rått, Ir tut wch ab vppiger tått. Wann die czeytt ist kurcz an disem leben. Dar nach wird achh vnd wee gegeben Durch den czwyfachen tod, Der vber nymam erbårmd hått. Mit seiner hellischen pfeyffen schreyen Bringt er ewch all an ainen rayen, Dar an die weysen alz die narren Gezwngen in den sprüngen farn; Als des gemäldes figuren Sind sy ain ebenbild zu truren. |
Oh, Children of the wisdom of this world,(1) all who are still alive. Put two words in your heart that were heard from Christ. The one is "come here", the other "go away"(2) Through the first, the pious [people] have advantage with Heaven's gate, which is opened to them. The other leads the evil [people] away to the gates of Hell. Thus, in these words is given such a difference: For one half, complete pleasure has been prepared, the other half, alas, pure pain over all, without end, forever. Therefore I advice you earnestly that you avoid idle deeds for time is short in this life. Then there'll be "alas and alack" through the double Death(3) who has mercy on nobody. With the screeches of his hellish fife he brings you all into a dance. where the wise [men] as [well as] the fools are forced to fare in the dance. Like these painted figures, they are a perfect image to mourn over. | ![]() |
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Item alius doctor depictus predicando in opposita parte de contemptu mundi. O uos mortales, peruersi mundi sodales, Finem pensate que futura considerate, Qualibus ad primum tempus que requiritur, ymum Pro loco duplatur, ubi finis perpetuatur. Mors horrenda nimis est cunctorum quoque finis. Qualiter aut quando venerit, manet in dubitando. Sic etiam dura noscuntur inde futura Propter ignotum remanendi locum quoque totum. Pendet a factis in isto mundo peractis. Ergo peccare desistete, si properare Ad finem cupitis optatum, nam bene scitis, Quod celum dignis locus est, set fit malis ignis. Theutunicum. | ||
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O ir tötlichen menschen all, Die der falschen welt wölt wolgefallen, Bedenkt, wye daz ende sey, Vnd merkett, waz künftig ist da py: Zu dem ersten gehört wye vnd wenn, Das letscht ist zwyfaltig benennt, Wå die statt czu pleyben ist. Der tod wch allen das end beweyst. Aber wye oder wenn des todes czeytt Kummen sol, des enwyst ir nit. Es wirt erkant wch allen hertt, Was yederman dar nach ist beschertt Vmb das vnkündig ist die statt, Wa yderman seyn pleyben hått. Das alls wirt an den werken hangen, Die in diser welt sind begangen. Dar vmb solt ir von sünden lån, Wölt ir zu dem end gan, Des ir alle seytt begirlich; Vnd ist dar zu wyssentlych, Das der himel wirt den frummen, In das fuir die bösen kummen. |
Oh all you mortal humans, who wish for pleasures in this false world. Consider how the end will be and notice what is imminent thereby. Firstly there's how and when the last is mentioned twice: Where the continuing place is.(4) Death will show you all the end but how and when the time of Death shall come, you don't know. It will be realized by you all, hard, what each man then has been allotted: concerning that the place is unknown where each man has his continuation;(5) that everything hangs on to the works, that are done in this world. Therefore you shall refrain from sinning, if you want to go towards the end. This you should all desire, and it is also certain that the pious [people] go into Heaven; The evil come into the fire. | |
| Papa. Sanctus dicebar, nullum viuendo verebar Friuole nunc ducor ad mortem, vane reluctor. Ad idem. | Pope | |
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Ich was ain hayliger babst genant, Die weyl ich lebt an forcht bekant, Nu wird ich gefürt freuenlych Zu dem tod, ich weer mich vppiklych. |
I was called a holy pope. While I lived I didn't know fear. Now I'll be outrageously lead to Death. I defend myself vainly. | ![]() |
| Cesar. Culmen imperii vincendo magnificaui, Morte sum victus, non cesar, non homo dictus. Ad idem. | Emperor | |
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Ich kund daz reiche in hochen eren Mit streytt vnd fechten wol gemeren, Nu håt der tod vberwnden mich, Das ich pin weder kayser noch menschen gleych. |
I could honour the empire highly, increase it well with struggle and fight. Now, Death has defeated me, so that I am neither like emperor nor human being. | ![]() |
| Cesarissa. Deliciis vsa viuens vt cesaris vxor, Morte confusa nullis modo gaudiis vtor. Ad idem. | Empress | |
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Wollust hett meyn stolczer leyb, Do ich lebt alz ains kaysers weyb. Nu håt mich der tod zu schanden bråcht, Daz mir dehain fröd ist mer erdacht. |
My proud body had sensual pleasures, while I lived as an emperor's wife. Now has Death destroyed me, so that no happiness can be found for me anymore. | ![]() |
| Rex. Ut ego rex vrbem, sic rexi non minus orbem. Nunc miser in penis mortis constringor habenis. Ad idem. | King | |
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Ich hån als ain koning geweltiklych Die welt geregyrt als rom das reych; Nun pin ich mit todes panden Verstrikt in seynen handen. |
I have as a king mightily reigned over the world, like Rome the kingdom. Now I'm with Death's bonds ensnared in his hands. | ![]() |
| Cardinalis. Ecclesie gratus fui per papam piliatus; Mortis proteruam nunc stringor adire cateruam. Ad idem. | Cardinal | |
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Ich was mit babstlicher wal Der hayligen kyrchen kardinal; Nun pyn ich dor zu gezwngen gar, Das ich tancz an des todes schar. |
I was through papal election cardinal for the holy church. Now I am completely coerced to it that I'm dancing in the troop of dead. | ![]() |
| Patriarcha. Duplici signatus cruce sum patriarcha vocatus, Et mortis dire cogor consortes adire. Ad idem. | Patriarch | |
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Ich hån das zwyfach crücz getragen Als ain patriarch pey meynen tagen; Nun wyl der tod mich zwingen, Mit seynen gesellen zu springen. |
I have carried the double cross as a patriarch in my days. Now Death will force me to dance with his fellows. | ![]() |
| Archiepiscopus. Doctrina fultis hoc signum pretuli stultis, Metropolitanus nunc cum vanis ego vanus. Ad idem. | Archbishop | |
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Ich trug in hocher wirdikaytt Das crücz vor der pfaffhayt, Als ain erczbischof daz tragen sol; Nun gen ich an der toten zal. |
I carried with high worthiness the cross before the clergy as an archbishop shall carry it. Now I go to this number of dead. | ![]() |
| Dux. Nobiles eduxi, quorum dux ipse reluxi, Sed nunc vt adeam cogor cum morte coream. Ad idem. | Duke | |
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Ich hån die edlen herren fert Als ain herczog geregyrt mit dem schwert; Nun pin ich in fechen claydern glancz Gezwngen an des todes tancz. |
I have lead the noble men - governed as a duke with the sword. Now I am - in the splendour of gaudy clothes - forced to the dance of death. | ![]() |
| Episcopus. Presul egregius venerabar hic quasi dijus; Hew nunc distorti presumunt me dare morti. Ad idem. | Bishop | |
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Ich pin wirdiklich geeret worden, Die weyl ich lebt in bischofs orden; Nu zyechen mich die vngeschaffen Zu dem tancz als ainen affen. |
I have been worthily honoured while I lived in a bishop's office. Now the misshapen are drawing me to Death as a monkey. | ![]() |
| Comes. Nobilis imperii comes in mundo reputatus Morte nunc perii corisantibus associatus. Ad idem. | Count | |
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Ich was in der welt genant Ain edler gråf dem reych bekant; Nun pin ich von dem tod gefellet Vnd hie an seynen tancz gestellet. |
In the world I was called a noble count - renowned in the empire. Now I'm felled by Death and placed here in his dance. | ![]() |
| Abbas. Ut pater arctaui monachos et optime paui, Nunc egomet stringor et mortis regula cingor. Ad idem. | Abbot | |
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Ich hån vil monnych als ain apt gelert, Streng gezogen vnd wol genertt. Nun wird ich selber hie gezwngen, Mit des todes regel gedrungen. |
I have - as an abbot - taught many monks; strictly brought up and well nourished.(6) Now I myself am here subdued and under compulsion of Death's rule.(7) | ![]() |
| Miles. Strenuus in armis deduxi gaudia carnis, Contra iura mea ducor in ista corea. Ad idem. | Knight | |
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Ich hån als ain strenger rytter gut Der welt gedynt in hochem mut; Nun pin [ich] wyder rytters orden An disen tancz gezwngen worden. |
I have - as a stern knight - served the world well with noble mind. Now I have - against knights' order - become coerced to this dance. | ![]() |
| Jurista. Non iuuat appello de mortis ultimo bello; Succumbunt iura legesque sub ista figura. Ad idem. | Juror | |
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Es hilff dehain appellyren nit Von des todes letzsten streytt. Er vberwindet mit seynem geschlecht Das weltlych vnd das gaystlych recht. |
No appealing helps against Death's last dispute. He defeats - with his kin - the worldly and the ecclesiastical law. | ![]() |
| Canonicus. In choro cantaui melodias quas adamaui; Discrepat iste sonus et mortis fistule tonus. Ad idem. | Canon | |
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Ich hon alz ain korherre frey, Gesungen manig lyeblych melody; Des todes pfeiff stett dem nit glych, Sy hot gar sere erschreket mich. |
I have as a free canon(8) sung many lovely melodies. Death's fife is not like it; it has terrified me so much. | ![]() |
| Medicus. Curavi multos iuuenes mediocres adultos. Quis modo me curat? Mihi mors contraria iurat. Ad idem. | Physician | |
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Ich hån mit meynem harn schawen Gesund gemacht mann vnd fråen. Wer wyl mich nun machen gesund? Ich pin zu tode wnt. |
I have with my urine-watching(9) made man and women sound. Who will now make me sound? I am wounded to death. | ![]() |
| Nobilis. Armis consortes in uita terrui fortes; Nunc mortis terror me terret, ultimus error. Ad idem. | Nobleman | |
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Ich hon manchen man erschrekt, Der wol mit harnasch was bedekt; Nun erschrekt mich hie der tod Vnd pringt mich in die jungst not. |
I have frightened many men, who were well covered by armour. Now Death is frightening me here and brings me in extreme distress. | ![]() |
| Nobilissa. Plaudere deberem, si ludicra vite viderem, Fistula me fallit mortis, que dissona psallit. Ad idem. | Noblewoman | |
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Ich solt treyben juchtzens vil, Sech ich vor mir der fröden spyl. Des todes pfeyff mich betrügt; Disß tancz gesank hie fälschlychen luigt. |
I ought to shout with joy a lot [when] I see before me this happy play. Death's fife deceives me; this dance song, it lies falsely. | ![]() |
| Mercator seu civis. Viuere speraui thesauros elaboraui, Munera mors spernit, ab amicis me que secernit. Ad idem. | Merchant | |
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Ich hett mich zu leben versorget wol, Das kysten vnd kasten wåren vol. Nu håt dem tod meyn gåb verschmåcht Vnd mich vmb leyb vnd gut bråcht. |
In life I had provided well, that chest and [money]box were full. Now Death has disdained my gift and have separated me from body and goods. | ![]() |
| Monialis. In claustro grata seruiui cristo velata. Quit valet orare, me mors iubet hic corisare. Ad idem. | Nun | |
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Ich han in dem closter meyn Got gedynet alz ain geweyltes nünlein Was hilfft mich nun meyn beeten Ich musß des todes rayen treten. |
I have in my monastery served God as a veiled nun. What does my praying avail me now? I must step into the dead's dance. | ![]() |
| Mendicus. Pavper mendicus viuenti turpis amicus, Morti carus erit, illum cum diuite querit. Ad idem. | Beggar | |
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Ain armer geyler hie in leben Zu ainem frwnd ist nymant eben; Aber der tod wyl seyn frwnd seyn, Er nimpt in mit dem reychen hin. |
A poor beggar here in life; Nobody is a friend, but Death will be his friend. He takes him away [along] with the rich. | ![]() |
| Cocus. Fercula condita quamuis in mundo paraui, Raptus a uita mortem minime superaui. Ad idem. | Cook | |
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Ich han erlärt vil pfeffer sek Vnd gemacht daz süsß geschläk, Vnd kund des köstlins doch nit finden, Dar mit ich den tod mocht vberwinden. |
I have emptied many sacks of pepper and made sweet goodies - and yet can't find any delicacies with which I might defeat Death. | ![]() |
| Rusticus. Hic in sudore vixi magnoque labore; Non minus a morte fugio contraria sorte. Ad idem. | Peasant | |
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Ich han gehept vil arbaytt grosß; Der schwaysß mir durch die hwt flosß. Noch wolt ich gern dem tod empflychen, So hån ich des glücks nit hie. |
I have had much hard work, the sweat was flowing through my skin. Still, I would like to flee Death; in this I have no luck here. | ![]() |
| Puer in cunabulo. O cara mater, me vir a te trahit ater, Debeo saltare, qui nunquam sciui meare. Ad idem. | Child in cradle | |
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O we lybe muter meyn, Ain schwarczer man zeucht mich do hin. Wye wyltu mich also verlån? Musß ich tanczen vnd kan nit gån! |
Oh woe, my dear mother. A black man drags me away. How can you leave me thus? Now I must dance and can't yet walk. | ![]() |
| Mater. O filij que te volui liberare, Morte preuenta saliendo sumque retenta. Ad idem. | Mother | |
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O kint, ich wolt dich haben erlost; So ist enpfallen mir der trost. Der tod hat das für komen Vnd mich mit dir genomen. |
Oh child, I would have saved you. Thus I have lost my consolation, Death has forestalled it and taken me along with you. | ![]() |

Footnotes: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
The allusion is even clearer in the Latin text: »huius mundi sapientes«, the same three words that end 1 Corinthians 1:20 in the Vulgate: »Ubi sapiens? ubi scriba? ubi conquisitor hujus sæculi? Nonne stultam fecit Deus sapientiam hujus mundi?«
The dances of death in Lübeck, Paris and London also started with an allusion to wisdom and eternal life.
In the next line, The Double Death becomes personified.
In everyday German it's not unusual to mix the words up in "bleibende Statt/Stadt/Stätte" and thus the German translator might have meant for "statt czu pleyben" to be an allusion to Hebrews 13:14 »For here have we no continuing city, but we seek one to come«, which in German sounds »Denn wir haben hie keine bleibende Statt, sondern die zukünftige suchen wir.«
Notice that this allusion is not present in the Latin text, where "locum" (i.e. place) could hardly be confused with the "civitatem" (i.e. city) of the Vulgate Bible.
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| Physician with urine glass from the dance of deatn in Lübeck. |